Sinus Infections (Sinusitis): Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Care

Sinusitis occurs when the air-filled spaces around the nose become inflamed or blocked. It is often triggered by viral infections, allergies, or structural issues such as a deviated nasal septum.

Types of Sinusitis

• Acute sinusitis: Lasts less than four weeks; most commonly viral.

• Chronic sinusitis: Lasts at least 12 weeks, often due to persistent inflammation.

• Recurrent sinusitis: Several episodes per year.
  

Common Causes

• Viral upper respiratory infections

• Allergic rhinitis

• Nasal polyps

• Anatomical blockages

• Fungal infections (rare but possible in people with weak immune systems)
  

Symptoms

• Nasal congestion

• Thick nasal discharge

• Facial pain or pressure

• Headache

• Reduced sense of smell

• Cough

• Fever (occasionally)
  

Home Care and Prevention

• Stay hydrated to thin mucus.

• Use saline nasal irrigation.

• Steam inhalation may provide comfort.

• Avoid allergens or irritants such as smoke and pollution.

• Manage seasonal allergies with appropriate medication.
  

When to See a Doctor Seek medical care if:

• Symptoms last more than 10 days without improvement.

• You develop a high fever.

• There is swelling around the eyes.

• You experience recurrent episodes.

• Symptoms interfere with sleep or daily activities.
  

ConclusionMost cases of sinusitis resolve with supportive care, but persistent or severe symptoms may need medical evaluation and tailored treatment.